Artillery Effects

The message on modmil (you may need to subscribe to read it) has some interesting guides on artillery effects for wargame umpires.


Here's the message, you may want to read it in a fixed-width font.
Date: Mon, 14 Apr 2003 20:36:02 -0000
To: modmil@yahoogroups.com
From: "jkemppi"
Subject: [modmil] Re: DPICM effectiveness
--- In modmil@yahoogroups.com, Bob Mackenzie
wrote:
> So far I have found only few snippets in Finnish
> artillery fire effectiveness guidance to umpires but they do not
> discuss ICMs (my Finnish military book about statistics and
> propabilities in 1984 explicitly states that there have been no in-
> depth information of calculations of effectiveness ICMs)
>
>
> Dear Janne
>
> I'd very much lime to see that data if you have it in a handy e-
mail
> freindly format
I do not bother to write those calculations as they get VERY
complex in the end but these are some combined rules of thumb
from referee books.
This is from old 1982 Indirect Fire Use Referee Guidance
Typical Indirect Fire Effects
INDIRECT UNIT IS UNIT IS DEFENDING
FIRE MOVING FOX HOLES NO COVER
----------------------------------------------
Round hit Stops for No Effect No Effect
nearby 1-3 minutes
----------------------------------------------
1 Fire Stops for can fight can fight
Strike 5-10 minutes effectively effectively
0.5-1 min 1-2 min
afterwards afterwards
----------------------------------------------
3-4 Fire Stops for can fight cannot fight
Strikes 1-3 hours effectively effectively;
3-5 min only limited
afterwards resistance
----------------------------------------------
My take is that -based on sources this book sites-
these are based on 1960's munitions.
The newer manual from year 2000 is the Referee Guide
that describes all various units and unit types in
battlefield.
This takes more calculative approach to firing and
offers more detail.
Target Unprotected infantry
UNIT 3km 6km 8km 16km 24km
18x122H - - 10% 5% -
18x155H - - 20% 15% 10%
6x122MRL - - 50% 25% -
9x120M 25% 7% - - -
NOTE! In open areas use of proximity fuzing adds 50% to casualty
rates.
Target hasty foxholes (they protect from direct fire
only)
UNIT 3km 6km 8km 16km 24km
18x122H - - 7% 2% -
18x155H - - 10% 7% 3%
6x122MRL - - 20% 10% -
9x120M 5% 2% - - -
NOTE! In open areas use of proximity fuzing adds 50% to casualty
rates.
Target hasty foxholes and protected fox holes for
living (they protect from fregments)
UNIT 3km 6km 8km 16km 24km
18x122H - - 4% 2% -
18x155H - - 6% 3% 1%
6x122MRL - - 2% 1% -
9x120M 2% 1% - - -
Target Infantry in APCs
UNIT 3km 6km 8km 16km 24km
18x122H - - 4% 2% -
18x155H - - 6% 3% 1%
6x122MRL - - 20% 10% -
9x120M 2% 1% - - -
Target Portable foxholes in use (these are made out of wood or
corrugated steel or equivalent, they protect from sentitive fuzed
artillery rounds)
UNIT 3km 6km 8km 16km 24km
18x122H - - 2% 1% -
18x155H - - 4% 2% 1%
6x122MRL - - 2% 1% -
9x120M 2% 1% - - -
Target Portable foxholes in use (these are made out of concrete or
steel or equivalent, they protect from slow fuzed artillery rounds)
UNIT 3km 6km 8km 16km 24km
18x122H - - 2% 1% -
18x155H - - 3% 2% 1%
6x122MRL - - 2% 1% -
9x120M 2% 1% - - -
NOTE! If aiming point for artillery misses by 100meters, cut
casualty rate by half.
NOTE! If several artillery firing units are used, casualty rates
increase by 20% per each extra firing unit: For example: 20%
casualty rate firing unit shoots with a totla of 3 unit grouping.
the casualty rate would be 20% x (1+0.2+0.2) or 20% x 1.4 = 28%
NOTE! Almost all of artillery casualties are caused in first 10
seconds of firing. This should be represented in casualties: for
example: use unprotected infantry in first minute, then protected
infantry, etc.
NOTE! Guided munitions are available to mortars for destroying
tanks. These munitions have accuracy of 1 hit in 3 rounds for ranges
between 1-5 km and 1 hit for 6 rounds in ranges beyond this.
One Fire Strike expends 108x 122H or 72x155H or 240x122MRL or
108x120M rounds.
Artillery "Beaten Zone" areas are following:
122H/155H Battalion at 6km range: 90m x 300m
Each kilometer adds zone +10 m x +50m
120M Battalion at 3km range: 70m x 150m
Each kilometer adds zone +20 m x +50m
122MRL Battery at 8km range: 500m x 600m
Increasing range adds width of firing (but no calculative value is
given but depth of beazen zone remains same)
Artillery groupings (example is 3 battalion strike) has beaten zone
of 300m x 300m circle at 6km with circle diameter increasing by +50m
for each extra kilometer.
But nothing on those ICMs yet... :(